Міжнародний аспект охорони пам’яток культурної спадщини Республіки Литва

Abstract

Abstract. Introduction. The article examines and analyzes the international features of the protection of monuments of the cultural heritage of the Republic of Lithuania. Formulation of the problem. Every country in the world strives to protect and preserve its cultural heritage as effectively as possible. In the legislation of the vast majority of countries of the world, cultural heritage monuments are divided into three categories: local, national and international (global, world) significance (UNESCO monuments). The latter are inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List by the relevant decision of the said international organization. There are as many countries in the world as there are practices for the protection of their own cultural heritage, its preservation, use and promotion, as well as cooperation with UNESCO in this area. In our opinion, the experience of such a small country as the Republic of Lithuania, which is so small in territory but quite conscious and responsible in the field of monument protection, is very interesting. Goal. To analyze the international features in the field of protection of cultural heritage monuments of the Republic of Lithuania. The research methodology is based on a system of theoretical principles (systematics, historicism, objectivity, etc.), logical methods (analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, analogy, hypothesis, etc.) and specific research tools that provided an opportunity to highlight the international features in the field of cultural heritage protection of the Republic of Lithuania. The main results of the research are the study, analysis, generalization and systematization of the bases of the national monument protection legislation of the Republic of Lithuania, as well as the consideration of Lithuanian cultural heritage monuments in the context of world cultural heritage. The scientific novelty of the research results of the article is the analysis of the international legal norms of the United Nations and UNESCO on the protection of cultural heritage and compliance of the national legislation of the Republic of Lithuania with these norms. Conclusions and specific suggestions of the author. At present, the world has developed a very effective mechanism for preserving cultural heritage. Of course, international monument protection organizations play an important role, but the main work on the protection of monuments still belongs to the national bodies for the cultural heritage protection of specific states, as we can see in the example of the Republic of Lithuania. Therefore, the real protection and preservation of cultural heritage begins with the awareness of people, nations, and society of the fact that in their country there are those monuments that need to be studied, accounted for, protected and preserved as a part of history and culture of the past for future generations.