Тривала динаміка кислотності і продуктивності дерново-підзолистого зв'язно-піщаного ґрунту залежно від доз внесеного вапна в умовах Західного Полісся України

Abstract

The article presents the results of research of the influence of different doses of lime on the physical and chemical properties of sod-podzolic soils and productivity of crop rotation in conditions of Western Polissya of Ukraine. Research was carried out in 1980-2011 in the long-term stationary experiment. It was established that soil liming with 0,5; 1,0; 1,5 and 2,0 doses of CaCO 3 at the beginning of the first, second and third crop rotation can reduce the acidity of soil solution from рН КС l of 4,6-4,7 to 5,4; 6,2; 6,6 and 6,6 respectively on the period of rotation duration, and can reduce the hydrolytic acidity from 2,23-2,48 to 1,67; 1,22; 0,64 and 0,58 mEq / 100 g soil, respectively. For 19 years after the last soil liming reverse acidification was occurred, the extent of which was depended on the dose of lime. At the end of the period against the background of aftereffect of 0,5; 1,0; 1,5 and 2,0 doses of CaCO 3 the рН КС l of soil solution was 4.7; 5.1; 5,6 and 5,7, and hydrolytic soil acidity – 2,27; 2,10; 1,92 and 1,40 mEq / 100 g soil, respectively. Average for 35 years of researches gathering of grain harvest units at the use of organic and organo-mineral fertilizer systems was 3,24 and 4,04 t/ha, respectively. Adding of 0,5; 1,0; 1,5 and 2,0 doses of CaCO 3 on the background of organo-mineral fertilizer system was ensured the increasing of average gathering of grain harvest units to 4,98; 5.39; 5.55 and 5.53 t/ha, respectively. In the three rotations, before beginning of which was conducted the basic and repeated liming, productivity of crop rotation by introduction of 0,5; 1,0; 1,5 and 2,0 doses of CaCO 3 increased to 28,3; 34,2; 35,2 and 37,8 percent, respectively compared to organo-mineral background. That is for periodical liming 1,5 and 2,0 doses of CaCO 3 did not have advantage over the one dose. However, high doses of CaCO 3 aftereffect was much stronger. Also it was established that the despite the soil acidification over the last 19 years of researches by introduction of 0,5 and 1,0 doses of CaCO 3 nearly to their original values, these variants of the experiment ensured the significant increases of crop rotation productivity. This indicates a complex positive soil properties, which continue to positively affect the crop yields even with the return of acidity over time to baseline.