ЭПИДЕМИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ПОКАЗАТЕЛИ И МОДЕЛЬ РАЗВИТИЯ, ПРОФИЛАКТИКИ И ЛЕЧЕНИЯ ВОСПАЛИТЕЛЬНЫХ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЙ ПАРОДОНТА У КУРЯЩЕГО НАСЕЛЕНИЯ

Abstract

Relevance. Methods for assessing the effectiveness of therapeutic and prophylactic measures for smoking groups of periodontal patients now require substantial material costs. They do not take full account of the rapidly changing epidemiological situation, as well as system-wide patterns of development, prevention and treatment of periodontal inflammatory diseases based on a temporary or permanent smoking cessation. At present, they are imperfect as models for the development, progression, prevention and treatment of periodontal inflammatory diseases in smokers, and methods that predict the condition of periodontal disease with a view to quitting smoking. Purpose ― search of perspective ways of substantiation of complex medical-prophylactic measures on the basis of epidemiological analysis of periodontological morbidity in the smoking population Materials and methods. 401 smokers and 400 non-smokers were examined. The examination was carried out according to a standard procedure in compliance with clinical recommendations for the management of dental patients. The smoking group included patients with a smoking experience of more than 3 years. The fact of smoking was confirmed by the data of the concentration of carbon monoxide in the exhaled air using a portable gas analyzer. The design of the study included the development of a model for the development, prevention and treatment of chronic generalized periodontitis in the smoking population, taking into account temporary or permanent quitting. Results. The epidemiological analysis of periodontological morbidity in the smoking population of the city of St. Petersburg on the basis of its own clinical studies and data from the federal service of state statistics was carried out. A model has been developed which makes it possible to promptly predict the periodontal status of the smoking population, taking into account anti-tobacco measures, without significant expenditures. Conclusions. An improved model of chronic generalized periodontitis is proposed. Dentists are advised to identify and differentiate groups of smokers using portable gas analyzers. Along with complex periodontal measures for such groups of patients, it is necessary to conduct direct medical and preventive measures, including using nicotine replacement therapy.