Типы семантических преобразований дендронимов в поэтических текстах А. В. Ширяевца

Abstract

The article deals with the tropeic word usage of dendronyms and their symbolic meanings as ways of semantic transformations of dendronyms in the poetic texts of A.V. Shiryaevets. The purpose of this article is to describe the types of semantic change of dendronyms. The study analyzes the tropeic and individual-author connotative levels of semantic transformations from the standpoint of lexical semantics, the doctrine of the paradigmatic nature of poetic images, the necessity to consider the language phenomenon in the aspect of «universal – individual». The composition of semantic features of dendronyms, updated in the context of comparative tropes, is described: birch – 'innocent’, ‘joyful’, ‘affectionate’; oak – ‘red-bearded’, linden – ‘hot’; poplar – ‘safety’; cherry tree, apple tree – ‘love, longing’; willow, apple tree, birch - ‘gold’, ‘emerald’, ‘fire’. The ways of representation of these features in poetic contexts are revealed: anthropomorphic images of comparison, the technique of folk-poetic figurative parallelism. Symbolic semantic conversions of dendronyms in the works of A.V. Shiryaevets are characterized: green (blooming) tree – transience and frailty of human life; birch - a symbol of the Motherland and childhood; tree - memory. In the aspect of «universal – individual» stable formulas of folklore and general poetic images of comparison used by the poet are defined: an oak – well-done, a blooming tree (a tree that opens its leaves) – a girl who blooms for love, a poplar - a watchman, leaves - gold, emerald, fire. Individual author's transformations of stable poetic formulas are defined: spring color – spring incense, tree – memory of the serene past.