Abstract
To study in vitro the antinematicide activity of soil streptomycetes metabolite and bioformulations based on them against root-knot, cyst and leaf nematodes of species. Action of streptomycetes metabolites and their bioformulations were determined in vitro against larvae at two age of root-knot nematode M incognita (Kofoid & White, 1919) Chitwood 1949 and sugar beet cyst nematode H. schachtii A. Schmidt 1871, and leaf nematodes ofAphlenchoides genus by cultivation them in solutions of biomass ethanol extracts separate individual components metabolites and bioformulations during 24 hours. Nematicide and nematistatic effects of the substances were evaluated by the change in the motility activity of the nematodes. Soil streptomycetes S. violaceus IMV Ac-5027, S. averinitilis IMV Ac-5015 and metabolite bioformulations based on them (Violar, Aver- com and Avercom-nova, respectively) showed significant nematicidal activity against plant pathogenic nematodes M incognita and H. schachtii. The biomass extracts of S. avermiti- lis IMV Ac-5015 and S. violaceus IMV Ac-5027 caused 100 % death of nematodes, and S. netropsis IMV Ac-5025 caused only 75 % mortality during 24 hours of action. Using an antibiotic complex from S. violaceus IMV Ac-5027 was divided on six fractions that were different from the avermectin complex. Purified fractions of individual antibiotic complex of S. violaceus IMV Ac-5 027 have a negative impact against the root-knot nematode M incognita. The highest nematicidal activity showed fractions #4 and #5 since their efficiency was over 90 % after a 0.5 hours of action. Nematicidal efficiency of fractions ## 1, 2, 3 and 6 remained between 72.6-86.2 % during 24 hours of action. Fractions 4 and 5 showed high nematicidal effectiveness against leaf nematodes of Aphelenchoides genus where 90-95 % level of helminthes death was observed after 4 hours of action. Among created complex metabolite bioformulations Avercom-nova was the most effective which caused 100 % mortality of nematodes M incognita and H. schachtii after 24 hours of action. Bioformu- lation Violar caused 96.6-96.8 and 95.2-97.0 % of death of nematodes M incognita and H. schachtii, after 24 hours of action. Phytovit based on S. netropsis IMV Ac-5025 showed low nematicide activity against of nematodes, which did not exceed 15.2-18.4 % of their death after 24 hour of action. Bioformulations based on streptomycetes metabolites did not inferior to chemical insecticide Konfidor Maxi, which caused the death of 93.3-94.6 % nematodes at doses recommended by the manufacturer. Soil streptomycetes S. violaceus IV Ac-5027 and S. avermitilis IMV Ac-5015 are promising producers for creation of bioformulations with nematicidal activity against plant-parasitic nematode of M incoenita and H. schachtii.
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