Оценка действия инсектицидов на полезных членистоногих сада

Abstract

Formation of ecologically adapted systems for plant protection against harmful organisms is impossible without the pesticides risk evaluation to benefi cial arthropods. Currently garden protection arsenal has a suffi cient set of environmentally friendly pest control agents. Inclusion of these agents in the control program can help to achieve a cumulative effect of protection measures and biological regulation of herbivores number by natural regulatory mechanisms. For this purpose laboratory and fi eld research of infl uence of biological and modern preparations for useful entomofauna of garden were conducted. Representatives of ladybirds (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae), lacewings (Neuroptera, Chrysopidae), Syrphidae fl ies (Diptera), bugs Anthocoridae, Miridae, Nabidae (Hemiptera), Aphidiidae (Hymenoptera), spiders (Araneae) were found on the experimental plots in the garden, lacewing (Chrysopidae), ladybugs (Coccinellidae) and bugs (Nabidae) prevailed. Miridae larvae were used as the test objects in the laboratory as well as larvae and adults Coccinellidae taken from laboratory populations. Field studies have shown that preparations Gerold, Prokleym and Lepidocide did not depress the development of natural garden entomophags – lacewings, predatory bugs Nabidae and Coccinellidae. To determine danger degree of the studied insecticides for entomophags in the garden the following scale was used: low hazard insecticides – the number entomophags reached its level of control within 7 days after treatment; moderately dangerous – in 7-14 days; dangerous – after 15-21 days; extremely dangerous – more than 21 days. According to the laboratory tests results studied preparations (Gerold, Bitoksibatsillin, Lepidocide and Batsikol) were classifi ed as non-hazardous or low-hazard for Coccinellidae and miridae bugs. Key wo