İzmir ilinde örtü altı fasulye yetiştiriciliğinde bulunan zararlılar ile doğal düşmanları ve popülasyon gelişmeleri üzerinde araştırmalar.

Abstract

The pests and the natural enemies were determined on the protected pepper in 1997 in the Izmir province of Turkiye. Spidermite [ Tetranychus urticae Koch. (Acar-ina:Tetranychidae)], aphids [ Aphis gossypii Glover, Myzus persicae Sulzer (Hom.: Aphididae)], whiteflies [ Bemisia tabaci Gern and Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westw. (Hom.:Aleyrodidae)], leafhoppers [ Asymmetrasca decedens (Paoli), Empoasca decipiens Paoli (Hom.:Cicadellidae)], thrips [ Haplothrips distingundus Uzel (Thys.:Thripidae)] andleafminers [ Liriomyza bryoniae (Kaltenbach) L.trifolii (Burges), L.huidobrensis Blanchard (Dip.:Agromyzidae)] were found to be the pests on the protected pepper. Aphid and leafminers densities were reach to the maximum at the beginning of the season. Whiteflies, spidermite and leaf hoppers were high in densities towards the end of the season. The population density of H.distingundus are high at the middle of the season. There was no treatment against any pests in the plastic tunnels. Therefore the beneficial were conserved and their populations increased at the begining of the season and suppressed the pest populations. Leafminerswere suppressed by the larval parasitoids, Diglyphus isaea (Walker)(Hym.:Eulophidae). The parasited aphids[( Diaretiella rapae (M'inst) Lysiphlebus fabarum Marshall, Aphidius matricariae Hal., Trioxys angelicae (Hal.) (Hym.:Aphidiidae)] were seen in the early vegetation. After the predators were seen in the plastic tunnels, the parasitism weren't recorded in the aphid population. Propylea quotuordecimpunctata (Goeze), Adonia variegata (Goeze)(Col.:Coccinellidae), Chrysoperla carnea (Steph.) (Neur.:Chrysopidae), Aphidoletes aphidimyza (Rond.)(Dip.:Cecidomyiidae), Sphaero-phoria scripta (L.)(Dip.:Syrphidae) were effective on aphid population. Stethorus gilvifrons (Muls.), Scymnus rubromaculatus (Goeze), S.apetzi Mulsant, S.interruptus (Goeze), S.frontalis (Fabricius)(Col.:Coccinellidae), C.carnea , Scolothrips longicornis Priesner (Thys.:Thripidae) were effective on spidermite population. Macrolophus caliginosus (Wgn.) (Het.:Miridae) were effective on whiteflies population.