ІНВЕСТИЦІЙНЕ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ РОЗВИТКУ ІННОВАЦІЙНИХ ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ

Abstract

The article analyzes the essence of the categories "innovations" and "investments" and the peculiarities of approaches of representatives of different scientific schools to understanding these concepts. The were considered the interpretations of the studied categories by international institutions and those given in the legislative acts of Ukraine. Taking into account the interconnection of investments with innovations it has been substantiated the need to analyze the concepts of "investments in innovations" and "investments in innovative technologies". The high level of international competition in the market of innovative technologies and the practical non-alternative nature of the innovative development path determine the particular importance, except for the choice of ways and methods of creation and implementation, identifying priority sources of investment in innovative technologies. Investments in innovative technologies should be viewed as a resource base for the implementation of innovative activities, a certain limited or insufficient level of quality of which does not allow to form an effective mechanism for the efficient use of new technologies. The investment resource that ensures the creation and diffusion of new technologies is associated with a number of additional features of the innovation and investment process. It were considered the factors influencing investments in innovative technologies and the existing forms of investment in the creation and implementation of innovative technologies; determined the expediency of using alternative sources of investment – venture capital investment, financial support of business angels, business incubators and business accelerators, crowdfunding and crowdsourcing. It was analyzed the "Investment" indicators presented in the European Innovation Scoreboard 2023 and concludes that the vast majority of European countries – innovation leaders are characterized by an increase in the "Investment" indicators for the period of 2016–2023, primarily due to an increase in the use of venture capital. However, in recent years, there is a tendency for investment activity to decrease in many countries due to the effects of the pandemic and the worsening macroeconomic situation. Factors such as russia's invasion of Ukraine, the energy crisis, inflation, etc. may have a negative impact on innovation efficiency. Ukraine, like all countries whose innovation level is lower than the EU average, needs to revise the concept of scientific and technological development to overcome the inhibiting processes in this area.