کیفیت بذرهای حاصل از گیاهان کتان تلقیح شده با میکروارگانیسم های خاکزی در شرایط کم آبی

Abstract

The relationship between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and their associated bacteria, as phosphate solubilising bacteria, instead of chemical fertilizers can be has great importance for sustainable agriculture especially in the case of highly mycorrhizal plants such as flaxseed. To evaluate the possible effect of AMF in association with phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) on flax seed's quality, a 2-yr (2014, 2015) factorial experiment was conducted based on a randomized complete block design with three replications at Urmia University, Urmia, Iran. The treatments included two AMF species (Glomus mosseae, G. intraradices and non-mycorrhizal control), PSB (Pseudomonas putida P13 and non-inoculated control) and various irrigation regimes (irrigation after 60, 120 and 180 mm of evaporation from Class A pan). Results indicated that with increasing irrigation interval in control (non-inoculated) plants, phosphorus percent, Potassium percent, mucilage percent, Swelling factor and swelling rate per gram mucilage, also electrical conductivity and potassium leakage (Parameters as a result of damage to seed cell membranes) were higher than inoculated plants with mycorrhiza and bacteria. With increasing drought stress in native plants, Protein content and final germination percentage of seeds decreased. With inoculation in native plants, especially dual inoculation with mycorrhiza and bacteria, was compensated a part of seed protein reduction caused by drought stress. In all irrigation regimes, synergistic effect of dual inoculation with mycorrhiza and bacteria, caused the highest percentage of phosphorus, potassium, mucilage and swelling factor in seeds. As a result, cell membrane damage has significantly decreased, that indicated the reach to seeds with strong vigor. But the final germination percentage in inoculated plants seeds, indicated a downward trend according to the increasing in mucilage volume and its negative correlation with seed germination. Generally the greatest increase in the quality of seeds, was observed in dual inoculated plants, with fungi and bacteria.