ОПЫТ США, ШВЕЙЦАРИИ И ВЕЛИКОБРИТАНИИ ПО ПРОТИВОДЕЙСТВИЮ НЕПРАВОМЕРНОМУ ВЫВОДУ АКТИВОВ

Abstract

Most developed countries have strict anti-money laundering laws that also help identify and prevent illegal asset withdrawals. For example, the Bank Secrecy Act in the United States and similar laws in other countries require financial institutions to exercise due diligence to prevent such practices. As part of the fight against money laundering and terrorist financing in developed countries, the fight against the illegal transfer of assets abroad is intensifying. This article examines the experience of three countries: the United States of America, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. As part of the work, approaches to countering the illegal movement of assets, measures aimed at asset recovery, as well as the legislative framework and its development in this area were studied. The application of the strategy of combining legal frameworks, international cooperation and the use of refund mechanisms; the main directions of the legislative and regulatory framework; laws on bank secrecy; on combating corruption, on corporate transparency is considered. Attention is paid to the issues of civil and criminal confiscation of property, investigative tools designed to combat suspicions of illegal enrichment, which require individuals to explain the origin of assets that seem disproportionate to their known legitimate income. As a result of the analysis of the experience of the United States of America, Switzerland and the United Kingdom, it was proposed to introduce best practices into the activities of the Russian Federation.