Применение инокулянта и микроудобрений на сое в условиях Центрального Черноземья

Abstract

The effect of soybean seeds inoculation as well as the treatment of seeds and vegetating soybean plants with microfertilizers on productivity and economically valuable traits of the crop in the conditions of the Central Chernozem region was studied. The highest yield – 2.42 t/ha (on average for four years) was obtained on the variant the seed inoculation and the treatment of seeds and vegetative soybean plants with a microfertilizer Microvit St were applied. The yield increase in this variant was 0.68 t/ha or 39.1%. The higher amounts of crude protein in soybean seeds were observed in variants where seeds were treated with an inoculant (29.3–32.3%). The greatest difference compared to the control was noted in the variants: Background + Microvit St (seed treatment) + (Microvit Zn + Microvit B (plant treatment); Background + Microvit St (seed treatment + plant treatment), it was 4.2% and 3.5%, respectively. The highest protein yield in the soybean crop was obtained also on the abovementioned variants – 0.77 t/ha and 0.75 t/ha, respectively. The fat content in soybean seeds did not depend on the treatment with preparations and averaged 25.3%. The usage of innovative preparations allowed reducing the prime cost of seeds by 1.82–5.09 thousand RUR/ton and increasing the level of profitability by 15–51% compared to the control variant. As a result of the application of technological practices, an increase in plants preservation by the end of the growing season was noted, the 1000 seeds weight increased and the quality indicators of soybean seeds improved.