ВЛИЯНИЕ ЧЕЛОВЕЧЕСКОГО ФАКТОРА НА ПРОЦЕСС ПРОЕКТИРОВАНИЯ, ВЫЯВЛЯЕМОЕ ПРИ НОРМОКОНТРОЛЕ КОНСТРУКТОРСКОЙ ДОКУМЕНТАЦИИ

Abstract

The role of the “human factor” in aviation is considered primarily as the most important condition affecting the level and state of flight safety of any kind of aircraft. The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) defines the “human factor” as a priority in the field of flight safety. Reliability and safety of flights are influenced by the quality of preparation of aviation equipment for flight, the quality of manufacturing, assembly, acceptance and preflight tests, the quality of the design of aircraft, engines, the quality of the development of drawings, related technical and operational documentation. It is noted that in any activity the “human factor” is manifested by errors, oversights, and omissions, or miscalculations that a person makes while carrying out his work. In the theory of the “man-machine” relationship, a system is proposed for evaluating the production preparedness and skill of specialists (and in particular, designers) in different operating modes, based on concepts such as “Skill”, “Rule”, “Knowledge". The influence of the “human factor” on the design process is evaluated according to the results of the normative control of design documentation (CD). Conducting normative control of the design documentation is aimed at identifying errors associated with non-compliance with the norms and requirements established by the standards in the developed products; failure to comply with requirements for standardization and unification levels; failure to comply with the requirements for the rational use of restrictive nomenclatures of standardized products, design standards, grades of materials, profiles and sizes of rolled products, etc. The frequency of the repetition of the same errors detected during standard control is analyzed, and the need for periodic repetition of the knowledge of designers is shown. It is noted that the availability of electronic databases, which can be used by computer designers and developers through the computer network of the enterprise and all the specialists who coordinate it, significantly affects the “human factor” in the design process.