О некоторых механизмах импортозамещения во второй сфере АПК России

Abstract

In this work, an analysis of a possible option for introducing the “sandbox mechanism” into agriculture of the Russian Federation was carried out; the authors investigated the possible economic consequences of this implementation. The emphasis is placed on the fact that this step will allow our country to enter a completely new innovative path of agricultural development. The following research results were obtained: failures in imports and exports due to large-scale disruptions in food supply chains are the results of Western sanctions pressure on the Russian food market. Russia is still dependent on imports, so the main thesis is that exports and import substitution are complementary strategies. In order to level out the problem of import substitution, the authors propose the use of a “sandbox mechanism”; it is quite obvious that, through a certain methodology, we will reduce the time and costs of entering export-oriented products into the national market, and then world markets and, subsequently, expanding production capabilities for domestic manufacturers. The key directions of state policy in the field of import substitution have been identified - ensuring technological sovereignty in the country through the production of import-substituting and export-oriented products. The main threats to food security for 2024-2025 are formulated: the further use of parallel imports will only worsen the already difficult relations with the West, and new risks will also appear - an uncontrolled rise in food prices and, as a result, a loss of confidence of the domestic consumer. Specific models of import substitution are proposed with an emphasis on domestic high-tech developments and scientific competencies in the food market.