Напрями досліджень мовної особистості у сучасній лінгвістиці

Abstract

The given articles defines the notion ‘linguistic personality’, discusses the focuses of investigations in linguistics, differentiates the notions ‘discourse’ and ‘linguistic personality’. In the numerous interpretations of that emerged at the end of the previous century, we can clearly distinguish two directions they are linguo-didactic and linguo-cultural. In linguo-didactics is understood as set of speech abilities. Linguoculture makes the subject of the study a national cultural prototype of native speaker of specific language, cultural and historical collective image. It is generally recognized that structure of has three- level distribution: verbal-semantic, linguo- cognitive and pragmatic level. A multi aspect nature of Y.M. Karaulov’s monograph, in which he linked the concept of linguistic personality and discourse, combined the study of with text analysis, did not exclude the possibility of reconstruction of the of real historical personality, outlined the prospects for the study of national personality, contributed to the fact that his work was the basis of number of studies. From these works it is possible to speak about the distinguishing of following trends:a) The first of them – the investigations on the typology of are being carried out, depending on the characteristics of discursive behaviour (communication strategies, communicative competences, speech culture) of certain individual.b) the second tendency is where the study of personality/protagonist / characters / author of corresponding literary work / works that allow to speak about individual / collective personality, based on his discourse that includes set of statements of certain character / characters in the text of the work.