Исследование нефтеемкости природных опоков Астраханской области

Abstract

The article deals with the issues of studying the absorption capacity of oil and petroleum products (oil capacity) by a natural sorbent- the flask of the Central Kamennoyarsk field of the Astrakhan region. The study of oil capacity makes it possible to determine the possibility of using natural flakes as oil sorbents to collect oil and more viscous petroleum products from the surface of soils and hard coatings. In this work, the influence of the granulometric composition of the sorbent, the sorption temperature and the viscosity characteristics of oil and petroleum products on the oil capacity of the sorbent is studied. The regularities of the absorption capacity of natural flakes in the presence of oil, fuel oil, oil, gasoline and diesel fractions at temperature range from –5 to 40°C have been established. To determine the oil capacity, a static research method was used, in which the sorbent was not subjected to mechanical mixing during contact with the petroleum product. Thus, when testing sorbent fractions with particle sizes less than 1 and 2.5 mm it was stated that high oil capacity results (0.79-0.88 g/g) were achieved at temperature range from –5 and 20ºC in the presence of fuel oil and oil. The greatest sorption effect is achieved due to the influence of external adsorption and the adhesive action of high-viscosity petroleum products. A further increase in temperature to 40ºC reduces the viscosity of petroleum products and prevents the formation of a stable mixture with the sorbent. Relatively low values of the sorption capacity were obtained in the presence of watered oil. Regardless of the temperature, the oil capacity does not exceed 0.75 g/g. The collection of gasoline and diesel fuel is ineffective due to their low viscosity and high volatility.