전통 천문 지식의 범주와 연구의 방향 — 전통지식과 무형유산으로서의 가치를 중심으로 —

Abstract

In this study, the concept and scope of traditional astronomical knowledge and the current research status were reviewed, and the collection and research directions of traditional astronomical knowledge were suggested. This can be summarized as follows. First of all, traditional astronomical knowledge refers to traditional knowledge about astronomical phenomena related to the universe, sun, moon, and stars, and specifically, the brightness of stars, constellations, lunar cycles, year cycles, calendars, astrology, concepts about the universe, sky or it refers to knowledge about cosmic myths and rituals. As such astronomical knowledge was presented to the humanities perspective on astronomy, it gradually began to receive attention. In Western academia, as the field of national astronomy emerged, research on astronomical knowledge of each country is actively conducted under international cooperation. In Korea, research on astronomical knowledge is partially carried out mainly in the fields of ancient astronomy, agriculture, folklore, oriental medicine, epidemiology, etc., mainly on the calendar method, the seasons, but it is limited to each area. There is a limit to comprehending the full picture of astronomical knowledge. Traditional astronomy knowledge can be broadly divided into knowledge about the universe, the sun, the moon, and the stars. These knowledge can be divided into knowledge about regeneration, knowledge about shapes, knowledge transmitted as relics, knowledge related to fortune-telling, and knowledge related to rituals. Such astronomical knowledge can be divided into knowledge produced by pre-modern state institutions, knowledge produced by pre-modern intellectuals or the private sector, and knowledge transmitted by modern and modern folklore. Most of the knowledge produced by pre-modern state institutions is shown in the documents compiled by Gwansang-gam, and the knowledge produced by pre-modern intellectuals and the private sector is shown in various historical records, agricultural books, encyclopedic literatures, astrology, and Myongri theory. In addition, knowledge of modern and contemporary folklore is included in oral and field research materials. It is necessary to comprehensively review these data and organize them systematically. In the future, traditional astronomical knowledge should be intensively studied on the relationship between traditional astronomical knowledge and livelihood, the relationship with rituals, and the aspects and methods used for future prediction. As such, traditional astronomical knowledge has important meaning and value both in terms of traditional knowledge and intangible heritage. Therefore, comprehensive collection, arrangement, and full-scale research on it should be carried out.