СУТНІСТЬ ТА КЛЮЧОВІ ОЗНАКИ ЖИТЛОВОЇ НЕРУХОМОСТІ ЯК ЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ КАТЕГОРІЇ

Abstract

The article substantiates the essence of the definition of "residential real estate", as well as its key features as an economic category. The interpretation of the concept of real estate in the normative legal acts of Ukraine is analyzed. It has been established that the concept of "residential real estate" is based on three components: first, on a direct understanding of what refers to real estate in general and what is its interpretation in the modern legal space; secondly, criteria for dividing real estate into residential and non-residential; thirdly, the formation of traditions of understanding real estate as "residential" in the national consciousness. It is proposed to consider residential real estate as a set of land plots and objects located on them, which may lose their value or purpose when trying to change their location. The main characteristics of the real estate object are highlighted, in particular, it is the connection with the land; form of consumption; the possibility of changing the location; form of functioning; the method of transferring value in the production or process of loss of consumer properties; duration of use; social significance; technical and technological characteristics. The issue of the development of the residential real estate sector should be considered at all levels of state administration with the optimization of points of contact with other industries and the creation of positive market relations. The main criteria for the division (distinction) of real estate objects are given. The fact that with the implementation of the territorial reform there is a division of real estate into state-owned real estate and real estate that is an asset of the territorial community is emphasized. Such real estate objects can be divided into two groups: the first – those that belong to the territorial community by property rights; the second – those that are located within the territorial community, but do not belong to the community (are not communally owned). It is noted that approaches to the definition of real estate objects in different countries may differ, taking into account their legal traditions and the level of development of social relations, and countries independently define things that are immovable and to which the norms of real estate regulation apply.