Аеродинамічні властивості придорожніх лінійних насаджень різних конструкцій

Abstract

The article deals with the value of roadside forest strips in the context of automobile road communications protection against unfavorable climatic factors, their performance of sanitary-hygienic, sound-absorbing and aesthetic functions. The attention is paid to the historical aspects of creating protective strip plantings of various functional purposes. A comprehensive protective effect of linear plantings of various designs on adjacent field lands, transport routes and the environment are presented on the basis of domestic and foreign scientific literary sources. The main purpose of the conducted researches was to substantiate the effectiveness of roadside forest strips of different structures and different species composition with regard to their influence on changing wind regime of road transport in the Western Polissia. It is indicated that the implementation of the program tasks was carried out using a complex methodology, which includes the study of forest reclamation and aerodynamic features of strip plantings. The aerodynamic properties of roadside strips were established taking into account their design features and the category of roads. A steady tendency to slow down the wind velocity was detected in all variants of studies. Strips of the dense construction were most influenced by this indicator. The wind velocity also reduces in most roadside forest stands, as it is evidenced by a comparative analysis of the indicators on their fringes. The calculations also showed the lowest wind penetration into dense forest strips, and the highest one into the thinly planted strip constructions. The analysis of slowing down the wind velocity indicators and wind penetration of roadside forest strips depending on the road category (traffic intensity) showed that there is no certain trend in this regard. Different categories of roads are protected by linear plantations of various design, which in turn are determined by the peculiarities of their structures. It is noted that dense forest strips will be the most effective for highways of national importance and regional roads with heavy traffic, whereas open shelterbelts and thinly planted ones (blown design) will be the most suitable for territorial roads of local importance. Keywords : protective height, wind speed, roads of national importance, design, wind permeability, anemometer.