Characteristics of protective forest strips and their reclamation effect on sunflower in the zone of southern carbonate chernozems

Abstract

The article deals with the issues related to the characteristics of protective forest strips and their impact on the yield of agricultural crops in the Troitsky farm of the Mikhailovsky district of the Volgograd region. Methodology. The characteristics of forest strips are typical. The spatial orientation of protective forest strips, species composition, height, undergrowth, number of rows, distance between rows and seats in a row, density and safety of plantings, width, openwork, design of forest strips are considered. Forest strips with sunflower biocenosis represent the ecosystem. The inter-lane space was taken into account from the forest strip at a distance of: 5; 10; 15; 25 and 35 heights (H). The control was the middle of the inter-lane cell. The bio-productivity of sunflower was determined by the phases of development: leaf area, assimilating surface, photosynthetic potential. For the analytical expression of the spatial dynamics of the photosynthetic potential an exponential dependence was used. Oil content at the end of the growing season was measured on the basis of interstate standards GOST 10857-64, GOST 13586.3 and GOST 10853-88 using a digital laboratory moisture-oil meter VMTSL-12M. The aim of the research was to identify the reclamation effect of the influence of protective forest strips on the bioproductivity of sunflower with minimal tillage (or no-till technology). Conclusion. Features of the bio-productivity of sunflower hybrid in the inter-lane space are expressed in the patterns of development of assimilating the surface on logistics and photosynthetic potential is exponential. The yield of the hybrid varies depending on the weather conditions, the presence of nutrients in the soil and does not differ fundamentally by year. Consequently, the cultivation of the LG-5456 hybrid in humid years in the zone of influence of forest strips using the no-till technology showed good results. The obtained data prove that forest-reclamation plantings in agricultural landscapes are one of the most durable and environmentally friendly factors for increasing the productivity of agricultural land.