МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ ПАРАМЕТРОВ ТРАКТОРА И СОСТАВА ПОЧВООБРАБАТЫВАЮЩЕГО АГРЕГАТА С УЧЕТОМ ВЛИЯНИЯ ПРИРОДНО-ПРОИЗВОДСТВЕННЫХ ФАКТОРОВ

Abstract

The research goal was to substantiate the model and the algorithm of forming the parameters of a wheeled trac-tor and the configurationof a tillage unit taking into account the natural and production conditions. To evaluate the in-fluence of natural and production conditions on the param-eters of the tractor and the unit configuration, three groups of factors were considered: the class of run length which determined the optimal value of the net productivity of the unit at a particular operation withminimal operating costs; characteristics of the draught resistance of the working machine which formed the optimal speed mode of unit op-eration; the indices of the drawbar pull and coupling prop-erties of the tractor which determined the conditions for effective functioning in the working mode. We substantiat-ed a computational model representing the response of a multidimensional dynamic system to external disturbances, setting and controlling actions which performed the trans-formation according to the input-output type. The interrela-tion of the input actions of different groups and the output parameters of the system were determined using the rea-sonable indices and optimization criteria. The adaptation to operating tillage technologies is determined by the nominal values of the working speed set according to the criterion of minimum energy consumption per unit of net productivity taking into account the restrictions on the drawbar pull and coupling properties of the tractor ensuring operation in the zone of maximum pulling efficiency. The adapters to the production conditions are specific ones referred to the unit of net productivity at nominal speed, the working width of the unit, the operating weight and the required power of the tractor. The product of specific indices by the optimum for a given run length and type of operation, the value of net productivity determines the parameters of the tractor and the unit configuration taking into account the influence of natural and production factors. The algorithm for optimizing parameters was developed; four rational standard sizes of wheeled tractors with an operating power of 135 to 310 kW with adjustable weight and unit configuration for technical support of tillage technologies in the main natural and cli-matic zones of operation were substantiated with an adap-tation coefficient of 0.978-0.987.