Структурно-семантические особенности обско-угорских глаголов с превербами пєлки / пєлка / пеләк / пӓләккә / пāлыг

Abstract

Introduction: the article considers the change in semantics and valence of Khanty verbs with the preverbs pєlki / pєlka / pelәk / pӓlәkkә / pālyg on the material of the Ob-Ugric languages. Objective: to reveal a circle of verbs combined with the preverbs pєlki / pєlka / pelәk / pӓlәkkә / pālyg; to describe the transition of verbs from one lexical and semantic group (LSG) to another when combined with this preverb; to compare the system of valences and syntactic compatibility of verbs with this preverb in the Khanty and Mansi languages. Research materials: verb sentences with the preverbs pєlki / pєlka / pelәk / pӓlәkkә / pālyg of the Kazym, Shuryshkar, Ural (Ust-Soba), and Surgut dialects of the Khanty language and the Middle Sosva and Upper-Sosva dialects of the Mansi language, collected by the author from informants and extracted from dictionaries of the Mansi language. Results and novelty of the research: for the first time, the most complete list of verbs of different LSG, combined with the preverbs pєlki / pєlka / pelәk / pӓlәkkә / pālyg, is identified. It is established that this preverb is attached primarily to the verbs of destruction, separation, and displacement. As a result, the number of valences of derived verbs can either remain or decrease. Verbs of movement lose their locative valence; verbs of separation and destruction do not change their valence. The change in the composition of the semantic group of verbs occurs due to the syntactic compatibility of a verb with different types of subjects and objects (animate, inanimate). The results of the study can be used to compare related and unrelated languages, as well as to write a scientific grammar of the Khanty language.