УКРЕПЛЕНИЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО СУВЕРЕНИТЕТА КАК ОСНОВА УСТОЙЧИВОГО РАЗВИТИЯ РОССИЙСКОЙ ЭКОНОМИКИ

Abstract

At present, the need to strengthen the technological sovereignty of the country is no longer in doubt. Obviously, technological innovation is not just one of the factors of economic growth, but a necessary condition for national security, which determines the prospective development of the economy and the social sphere, the well-being and quality of life of the population. Despite the low rate of development of domestic technologies in Russia, in recent decades, it has been possible to create key foundations in a significant part of critical areas. In the context of severe external restrictions, these technologies are the most important component of ensuring the technological sovereignty of the country. The article gives the author's definition of technological sovereignty, considers its types and suggests practical ways to strengthen it. It was noted that sanctions restrictions opened up huge opportunities for building a new economy and at the same time created a real threat to the development of Russian technologies. The formation of such an economy based on the strengthening of technological sovereignty should be accompanied by a new approach to engineering education, the effective implementation of scientific developments and digitalization in critical sectors of the economy, while obtaining a positive financial result for high-tech companies. In this regard, a system of coordinated measures is needed that takes into account the technological, economic and institutional features of organizing Russia's own advanced production facilities. For all strategically important sectors of the economy, a single strategic approach should also be established in terms of identifying and practically implementing directions for strengthening the country's technological sovereignty.