ТРАНСФОРМАЦИЯ КОНЪЮНКТУРЫ РЫНКА ТРУДА В СОВРЕМЕННЫХ УСЛОВИЯХ

Abstract

The article analyzes the current processes on the global labor market in Russia and the Republic of Bashkortostan. Changing demographic proportions, the pension reform, migration processes, intensive development of production technologies, automation, the use of artificial intelligence all these factors are undoubtedly transforming the labor market environment. The content of occupation is changing, structural changes in the economy lead to the dropping-out of a number of specialties and the emergence of new ones, which did not exist before. To match the supply of labor resources to the modern requirements of the economy, new competencies of workers as well as continuous training or retraining are required. Educational institutions have to adapt to the new requirements of the labor market environment to meet the needs of the labor market for qualified specialists with relevant knowledge and skills. Major changes in the labor market amid the spread of the new coronavirus infection have affected most countries of the world economy, including Russia. A long period of restrictions in most industries is reflected in the economic indicators of enterprises, development opportunities, and the number of required workers. The situation with the pandemic clearly demonstrates how unstable the modern labor market is; how events that occur in one country in the world are capable of undermining the whole balance, even in fairly stable and durable economic systems. The article analyzes the situation on the labor market of the Republic of Bashkortostan. The main problems of the region in this direction are highlighted. The analysis of the situation in the registered labor market showed that in 8 months of 2020 the number of officially registered unemployed increased 5 times, the level of registered unemployment increased 5.5 times, tension in the labor market increased 3 times. In the context of a worsening economic situation caused by an unfavorable epidemiological situation, the situation with the employment of citizens has become more complicated. The analysis showed that for several years the employment rate remained stable at 70%, and by September 2020 it was 17.4%. Currently, the labor market in Russia experiences the consequences of the economic crisis caused by the unfavorable epidemiological situation. The crisis is changing the forms of employment, which is becoming remote, non-standard, online professions appear. The structure of labor demand is changing. Labor resources will be rebuilt or replenish the modern labor market. In these conditions, the role of the state is growing significantly and there is no doubt in the need of the development of the anti-crisis plan for the labor market’s regulation.