ПРЯМА ТА ОПОСЕРЕДКОВАНА АКТУАЛІЗАЦІЯ АРХІСЕМИ ‘НАСЕЛЕНИЙ ПУНКТ’ В АНГЛІЙСЬКІЙ ТА УКРАЇНСЬКІЙ МОВАХ: ЗІСТАВНИЙ АСПЕКТ

Abstract

The article deals with the contrastive analysis of direct and indirect actualization of the arch-seme ‘inhabited place’ in the English and Ukrainian languages. The systemic organization of the vocabulary makes it possible to describe it, creates classifications and single out the relations between separate units. The usage of the notion of lexical-semantic group, which unites words due to nuclear element of their seme structure, arch-seme, made it possible to study lexical units denoting an inhabited place. The aim of the article is singling out isomorphic and allomorphic features of the actualization of the arch-seme ‘inhabited place’ in the English and Ukrainian languages. During the research the group of the nouns which actualize the arch-seme ‘inhabited place’ directly or indirectly in their seme structure is defined as the lexical-semantic group ‘inhabited place’. Direct actualization of the arch-seme takes place in the English and Ukrainian languages when word combinations inhabited (populated / settled) place (area) and населений пункт are used in the dictionary definitions. Indirect actualization of the arch-seme takes place when appellatives are defined with the help of other lexemes denoting an inhabited place in the dictionary definitions. The results of the research demonstrate the existence of isomorphic and allomorphic features in the meaning of vocabulary contrasted in the English and Ukrainian languages.