СПОСОБЫ И СРЕДСТВА ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЯ ТРЕБУЕМЫХ ПОКАЗАТЕЛЕЙ ПОЖАРОБЕЗОПАСНОСТИ КОНСТРУКЦИЙ ИЗ ПОЛИМЕРНЫХ КОМПОЗИТОВ (ОБЗОР)

Abstract

Introduction. Publications reflecting the peculiarities of creating structures made of polymer composite materials (PCM) on determining the required fire-safety level are studied. It was noted that insufficient attention to ensuring the required level of fire resistance of PCM structures, which prevents their use in various fields and, in particular, in engineering is paid. Analytical part. The analysis of publications on research flame retardant efficiency of intumescent flameretardant coatings (FRC) indicators as one of the polymer types and fire protection means of structures made of PCM is carried out. The necessity of solving the urgent task of ensuring the required adhesion between the FRC and PCM, as well as ensuring durability and durability of coatings during the operation period is noted. The results, indicating the possibility of a significant improvement in the PCM fire risk indicators at a relatively low coating thickness are presented. The analysis of publications showed the important role and possibilities of heat engineering calculations for modeling temperature fields in structures and determining the required thicknesses of intumescent FRC and other fire protection equipment. This role is partly associated with the fact of impossibility of testing such PCM structures as well. It is shown that there is a technique that is currently being successfully used to calculate the heating of polymer composite structures and can be considered as a basis for further improvement. As can be seen from the presented simulation results, bearing composite structures have to be designed in an optimal shape, which, in combination with fire-retardant coatings, will ensure their fire resistance. Conclusion. The results, demonstrating possible ways to ensure the required fire safety indicators of the PCM structures are presented. On this important and promising topic, tasks that need to be carried out are also noted.