幼児及び児童における基礎運動技能の量的変化と質的変化に関する研究 : 走, 跳, 投運動を中心に

Abstract

The purpose of present paper was to examine not only the general developmental trend related to both the quantitative and qualitative changes in the fundamental movement skills of children between 3.0 and 7.5 years old, but also the developmental curve pattern and relationship between these changes. The result were as follows: 1) The quantitative change in the running movement skill (25 m dash) showed a nearly linear developmental trend. In addition, the qualitative change also revealed the same tendency as that of quantitative one. Particularly, it could be inferred that nearly 33.4% of boys and 11.3% of girls aged 7.5 would show matured running pattern. 2) Both the boy and girl showed almost linear developmental tendency in terms of the quantitative change in the jumping movement skill (Standing long jump). It could be also inferred that 35.2% of boys and 12.9% of girls aged 7.5 would reach matured jumping pattern. Especially, there was a remarkable developmental trend in 6 years of age with respect to the quantitative change, when being admitted into the primary school. 3) The quantitative change in the throwing movement skill (tennis ball throwing for distance) revealed that the boy showed a distinguished developmental tendency as they grew older, while the girl did not show a remarkable developmental trend. The qualitative change also showed a nearly similar tendency to the quantitative one. Then, it could be inferred that 28.8% of boys aged 7.5 would reach a matured throwing pattern, but no girl would reach a matured level. 4) For running, jumping and throwing movement skills, a certain close relationship was found between the quantitative and qualitative changes, except for the girl's throwing movement skill. This was very likely to suggest that the coordination plays a very important role in performances of these fundamental movements. 5) For the running and jumping movement skills, a high degree of agreement was found in the developmental curve pattern between the quantitative and qualitative changes. However, for throwing movement skill, the boy showed a higher degree of agreement of the developmental curve pattern than that of the girl.