امکان سنجی اجرای سیستم تناوبی گندم - کلزا جهت توسعه کشاورزی حفاظتی در محیط سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی (مطالعه موردی: حوضه مارون استان خوزستان)

Abstract

Implementation Feasibility of Wheat- Canola Rotation to Develop Conservation Agriculture in GIS (Case Study: Maroon Basin of Khuzestan Province) Introduction Undoubtedly the development of production systems in agriculture, without sufficient knowledge of the current situation and define constraints are not possible. The prediction of potential agricultural land and the environment in proportion to each region for planning and policymakers, is very important and is often an integrated assessment of climate, soil and topography of each area in the system software geographic information is determined (Grassano et al., 2011). This software as a useful tool, decision-making and flexibility and suitability for analysis is able to incorporate a lot of data inside a new set them usable in the form of maps and data show (Khahro et al., 2014; Javadian et al., 2011). The aim of this study is to investigate the feasibility of potential lands for the cultivation of canola and wheat products in order to increase the productivity of land in Maroon basin of Khuzestan province is to develop conservation agriculture system. Materials and methods The study area is located in the Maroon basin of Khuzestan Province in South West Iran with hot and dry climatic conditions was performed. The study area covered about 30 percent of land in the Khuzestan province, including existent agricultural land Maroon basin in which to locate suitable areas for the cultivation of canola and wheat, and implementation of environmental requirements them with agronomic characteristics, according to FAO guidelines was. For this purpose, environmental requirements and agricultural products using scientific resources available canola and wheat were determined and classification. Then, based on growth parameters affecting them and the status available, digital information layers after the weighting of AHP in GIS environment for both products were prepared and finally land evaluation canola and wheat products in the development of the rotation system of the main objectives is the development of conservation farming systems, were classified. This classification based on FAO guidelines in five very suitable (S1), suitable (S2), moderate (S3), low suitable (N1) and unsuitable (N2) was done. Results and discussion The results of the analysis of hierarchical analysis of questionnaires showed that among the factors contributing to land, measures soil salinity and slope, weighing 0.2231 and 0.0254 had the highest and lowest limit, respectively. The weights are applied in overlapping layers of existing conditions using GIS software shows that an area of 632473 hectares of land in the basin Maroon, each year, the different potential for canola and wheat crops. So that 7.4 and 9.8 percent of the studied levels for canola rotation - wheat classes have been very suitable and suitable. In these regions the limitations of lower salinity and access to water resources and rain is more. However, the average and low suitable classes, 57.2 percent of total land and 25.6 of the remainder classified as unsuitable in South and West Maroon Basin study area are located. In these areas, ecological environmental conditions in accordance with the requirements of canola and wheat products are not. Conclusion The results of the prepared layers agro-ecological based on the weighted with AHP in GIS shows that Maroon basin have had varying degrees of suitability and knowledge of environmental conditions is essential. Therefore, this study may help as an indicator for planners, decision-makers and farmers to choose the type of product, acted and in this regard, the determination of position land at very suitable for wheat and canola and alternation between them, the desirability of observing the rotation will assist in the development of conservation agriculture and sustainable production. Keywords: Agro- ecological; Analytical Hierarchy Process; Land Suitability References -Grassano, N., Tedone, L., Verdini, L., De Mastro, G., 2011. Evaluation of rapeseed cultivation suitability in Apulia with GIS multi criteria analysis. Italian Journal of Agronomy 6 (2): 101–105. -Javadian, M., Shamskooshki, H., Momeni, M., 2011. Application of sustainable urban development in environmental suitability analysis of educational land use by using Ahp and Gis in Tehran. Procedia Engineering 21: 72–80. -Khahro, S.H., Matori, A.N., Chandio, I.A., Talpur, M.A.H., 2014. Land suitability analysis for installing new petrol filling stations using GIS. Procedia Engineering 77: 28–36.