Abstract
The decrease in local population breaks the balance with the economic development of the region, fails to realize decentralization and balanced development, and eventually approaches the crisis of local extinction. The main causes of the population decline in the provinces were the natural decrease due to the low fertility rate and population aging, and the larger factor, the social decrease (population outflow). In the Special Self-Governing Province, it is necessary to break away from the policy practice of the central government and actively prepare policy measures to respond to local extinction by using its own special authority and position. Since the policy establishment of the central government related to the population decline crisis, such as the 「Basic Act on Low Fertility and Aging Society」 in 2006, was promoted in a uniform way, there are many problems that do not properly reflect the characteristics of each local government and the situation at the site. Accordingly, five measures are proposed for the Special Self-Governing Province to establish policy measures that are sustainable and reflect regional specialization.
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