Спосіб приготування та добір компонентного складу спінених вибухових композицій для ущільнення просадних ґрунтів

Abstract

A device for the preparation of a water-filled foamed explosive composition is proposed, which can be used in field conditions for compacting subsidence of unstable soils. Foamed water-filled explosive composition consists of ammonium nitrate, surfactants and water. The method of preparation of foamed explosive composition, which consists in mixing surfactants with water and then with ammonium nitrate mechanically in a low-speed mode without foaming the mixture, applying this suspension under pressure to the object of blasting and metered aeration by ejection mixtures with instantaneous delivery of the foamed explosive composition to the application site. The selection of the component composition of low-density water-filled foamed explosive compositions is proposed, and their physical, technical and dynamic characteristics are given. Dynamic and physico-technical characteristics of low-density foamed explosive compositions were investigated and it was found that the minimum detonation velocity of these explosives in open charges and in charges in the hard shell is less than the minimum detonation velocity of standard ammonite № 6ZHV; the brisance of foamed explosive compositions does not exceed (10–11)*10-3m, which is almost twice less than that of igdanite and three times that of ammonite № 6ZHV; slightly higher pulse pressure rise time to maximum in foamed blast compositions compared to igdanitor; the pressure at the wavefront of foamed explosive compositions is 6–7 times lower than that of ammonite № 6ZHV, respectively, and the velocity of pressure pulse growth is much lower. Such parameters of the pulsesive explosiv of the explosives make it possible to use foamed explosive compositions for uniform compaction of subsidence loess soils at the required power and in the mine clearance of fields.