РЕТРОСПЕКТИВНЫЙ ОБЗОР ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ ОЧИСТКИ И ПОДГОТОВКИ ДРЕНАЖНЫХ ВОД С ОРОСИТЕЛЬНЫХ СИСТЕМ

Abstract

Purpose: the retrospective analysis of technological and technical solutions on purification and treatment of drainage water from irrigation systems. Discussions. Three technological complexes to ensure the safe reuse of drainage water are distinguished in world practice. The first complex is based on the removal of suspended and soluble organic pollutants from drainage waters. The second complex includes traditional methods of desalination – reverse osmosis, electromembrane methods, etc. The third technological complex allows removing toxic contaminants. When developing technologies for drainage water purification and treatment to irrigate agricultural crops, it was taken into account that they include organic and inorganic compounds and toxic compounds of salts. The technology based on the use of solar reservoirs is the most promising. This complex includes accumulators-evaporators of drainage waters, a brine evaporator, mineralization from 10–15 to 200–250 g/dm³ is acceptable. The technological schemes and methods of purification and treatment of drainage water from irrigation systems described in the article allow solving the issue of saline wastewater disposal by returning them to the irrigation cycle and preventing their discharge into surface water bodies. Conclusions. As the analysis of technological solutions for drainage water treatment shows, complex technical solutions based on physicochemical and biological treatment methods are promising. The most common approach to the drainage water treatment is preliminary mechanical cleaning with further adsorption on natural sorbents.