Напрями та перспективи імплементації зарубіжного досвіду щодо відновлення соціально-економічного розвитку після воєнних конфліктів

Abstract

One of the most powerful in terms of the scale of destruction during the war, the involvement of the population in hostilities and the speed of post-war recovery is the experience of countries that went through World War II. In addition to the Marshall Plan, history has several other examples of successful post-war recovery of socioeconomic development, the return of the potential destroyed by the war, as well as the successful post-war modernization of the economy. In this regard, some further deepening requires research on the directions and prospects for the implementation of foreign post-war experience in the realities of Ukraine, also the search for ways to address possible problematic issues that will accompany this process. The aim of the article is to generalize the foreign experience of post-war economic recovery and analyze the possibilities of its implementation in Ukraine and its regions in the post-war period. An analysis of the mechanisms and features of the post-war recovery of South Korea, Japan, and Germany is carried out and it is determined that the common point for all countries is the combination of international assistance (its transparent and effective use) and the creation of the country-specific mechanisms for post-war recovery, corresponding to national socioeconomic institutions. It is substantiated that the ongoing monitoring and assessment of losses indicate significant damage, which Ukraine is unlikely to be able to compensate for on its own. On the positive side, the availability of donor support is one of the success factors in the post-war recovery of the countries analyzed above. It is determined that the presence of significant losses to the economy after the war does not mean that post-war recovery cannot be effective. On the contrary, the experience of foreign countries that successfully recovered in the post-war period shows that sufficient amounts of donor assistance and a transparent mechanism for its use is the key to the recovery of industry on a qualitatively new basis and an increase in the efficiency of the economy as a whole compared to the pre-war period. It is proved that an effective post-war recovery plan for Ukraine must necessarily take into account national and regional characteristics, for example, when determining priorities for the first-order recovery – industries that have innovative competitive potential. In the process of post-war recovery, the model of the economy should change by modernizing each of its components, which will ensure its efficiency and resilience to external and internal challenges in the future.