공동주택 공용공간의 생활안전을 위한 국내·외 관련 법 및 가이드라인 특성에 관한 연구

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to identify the compositional characteristics of the domestic and foreign living safety laws and guidelines in order to extract the physical environmental factors of life safety design applicable to public spaces for apartment complexes. The research method is literature study. For this purpose, we extracted evacuation safety, crime safety, and daily safety as the fields on laws and guidelines related to living safety of public spaces for apartment complexes that were previously introduced, and analyzed domestic and foreign related laws and guidelines. As for evacuation safety, we investigated related laws since regulations regarding not only the safety of facilities but also the life and safety of residents were already established, while relevant guidelines were analyzed for crime safety and daily safety. We identified and compared the compositional characteristics of the laws and guidelines of Korea, USA, UK, Netherlands, Australia, Japan, and Singapore where data collection suited to this study objective was possible. The results are as follows. Life safety is defined as a safe state from disasters caused by natural occurrences, crimes based on anthropogenic behaviour, and everyday accidents meaning fortuitous accident in public spaces. As for evacuation safety, although regulations on materials for fire resistance have been proposed in the countries above including Korea, their application to high-rise apartments and accessibility to buildings should be presented in more detail. The evacuation safety laws consist of items for finishing materials, lighting and marking. Crime safety guidelines address proper lighting plans both in home and abroad, indicating the importance of the lighting environment. Safety guidelines ‘application frequency was highest for fences, landscaping inside the complex, surveillance cameras, and sign facilities, followed by ground parking lot, main entrance, pedestrian walkway, children’s playground, bicycle parking lot, complex entrance, park and green space, corridor/stairway, road in complex, and common mailbox. The most common places where the daily safety guidelines were applied were parking lots and ramps, followed by stairs, access roads, main entrances, and corridors.