시안화수소 누출에 따른 고층아파트의 피난안전성 평가

Abstract

This study evaluates evacuation safety by conducting a simulation of toxic effects, which are hazardous to one’s health, in surrounding areas — such as that of hazardous materials manufacturing plants — due to hydrogen cyanide leaks. This study then proposes alternatives in areas that do not adequately address evacuation safety. For casualties due to hydrogen cyanide leakage accidents, Available Safe Egress Time (ASET) was calculated using the Areal Locations of Hazardous Atmospheres (ALOHA), an off-site impact assessment program, while the RSET (Required Safe Egress Time) was calculated using Pathfinder, an evacuation simulation program. Evacuation safety was evaluated by comparing ASET and RSET. Using the ALOHA program, the time taken to reach the AEGL-2 concentration was evaluated for each of the 12 scenarios. The Pathfinder program was used to evaluate the total evacuation time for high-rise apartments. The ASET of 3 out of the 12 accident scenarios was greater than that of the RSET. In the remaining nine accident scenarios, evacuation safety was not secured because the ASET was smaller than that of the RSET, whereas evacuation safety increased as the horizontal distance from the leak point increased. Because evacuation safety is not guaranteed in high-rise apartments, hazardous material safety management that reflects health risks, performance-based design for apartments less than 10 km from the industrial complex boundary, strengthening of evacuation safety zones, and RSET surcharges are required depending on the size of specific fire objects.