太白湖水体及水产品铅、铬及镉含量状况分析

Abstract

目的：对济宁市太白湖水体及水产品中重金属铅、铬、镉的含量进行测定，了解太白湖重金属污染情况，为太白湖治理提供理论依据。方法：在太白湖景区不同方位采集太白湖湖心水、河蚌、田螺、水草、藕等5种试样，试样经过消化处理后，水样中铅、铬、镉3种重金属含量用电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)检测，其他试样用石墨炉原子吸收法检测。结果：用ICP-MS测得太白湖湖心水中铅、铬、镉含量分别为0.00349、0.0022、0.000612 mg/kg；用石墨炉原子吸收法测得水草、藕、河蚌、田螺中铅含量分别为0.0212、0.00953、0.110、0.09325 mg/kg，铬含量分别为0.898、0.956、3.598、5.128 mg/kg，镉含量分别为0.0116、0.0101、0.00226、0.0105 mg/kg。结论：所测太白湖湖心水和水产品中铅、镉含量均未超过国家标准；湖心水铬含量未超过国家标准；水草、藕、田螺和河蚌中铬元素含量均超过国家标准。 The purpose of the article was to determinate the content of heavy metal lead, chromium and cadmium in water and fishery products in the Taibai Lake, to comprehend the situation of heavy metal pollution in the Taibai Lake, and to provide a theoretical basis for the management of the Taibai Lake. Methods were shown below: Collecting water, mussel, snail, aquatic plants and lotus in the Taibai Lake scenic spot in different directions; Determinating the content of lead, chromium and cadmium in water samples by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) after digestion treatment, and other samples by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS). Results were that using ICP-MS in Taibai Lake water, lead, chromium, cadmium contents were 0.00349, 0.0022, 0.000612 mg/kg; By GFAAS in aquatic plants, lotus, mussel and snail, lead contents were 0.0212, 0.00953, 0.110, 0.09325 mg/kg, chromium contents were 0.898, 0.956, 3.598, 5.128 mg/kg, and cadmium contents were 0.0116, 0.0101, 0.00226, 0.0105 mg/kg. Conclusion was that the lead, cadmium content of measured Taibai Lake water and fish did not exceed the national standard. In lake water, chromium content did not exceed the national standards. In aquatic plants, lotus, snail and mussel the chromium content exceeded the national standard.