Використання систем автоматизованого проектування для підвищення точності механічної обробки

Abstract

The subject of the study is methods and means of determining the influence of the trajectory of the tool on the foreground of the volume of complex parts. The aim is to improve the quality and accuracy of the production of composite profile parts after machining at CNC machining centers, by using the optimal machining strategy. Task: to analyze existing methods of processing complex profile parts at CNC processing centers and justify the choice of the optimal strategy for the side of the surface of the part. The methods used are: methods of controlling the accuracy of processing complex surfaces, graphical methods of forming the trajectory of the tool, and mechanical methods of measuring geometric dimensions. The results obtained are as follows. To achieve this goal, an analysis of existing methods and strategies for processing surfaces of a complex profile was carried out and the existing experience in the development of control programs was adapted using automated methods with the application of CAD/CAM systems. As a result, SolidWorks was chosen as the primary modeling tool for creating a part with a complex profile. The tool path is created using the SolidCAM CAM system, which supports various strategies for processing such elements. Using the developed control programs based on the methods of linear trajectory, bitmap trajectory, spiral trajectory, and waterline trajectory, experimental analysis of the influence of the tool trajectory on the accuracy of processing surfaces located at different angles to the processing axis was carried out. Deviations of geometrical dimensions of parts obtained in re-treatment by programs formed using different methods from the real values of model characteristics are evaluated. Conclusions. Based on the analysis of the strategies for processing parts of a complex profile, the optimal trajectories of the tool are determined for parts with surfaces such as at a low angle, at a high angle, radius surface, and joints between surfaces. The results of experimental studies in further shaping of folding parts when they are prepared on CNC machine with the choice of the optimal trajectory of the movement of the tool. The choice of the optimal trajectory of the processing of parts allows to increase the accuracy of the processing in finishing operations.