Вплив розвитку потенціалу транспортно-логістичної інфраструктури на конкурентоспроможність Європейського Союзу

Abstract

The article is devoted to the analysis of the influence of the development of the potential of the transport and logistics industry on the competitiveness of EU countries. In the work, a retrospective analysis of the formation of the unified transport policy of the EU is carried out. Using statistical methods of analysis and official information sources, the specifics of the modal distribution of domestic freight transport of the EU countries, its national and international components, were investigated. Based on data from the World Bank and the World Economic Forum, the dependence of international competitiveness and the development of transport sector indicators on the accession of some countries to the common market of the European Union was analyzed. Conclusions were made about the need for innovative approaches to the formation of a unified transport policy of European states, based on the principles of sustainable development. The common transport policy is the central pillar of the single market in the European Union, which is extremely important for ensuring the free movement of people, services and goods. In addition, the transport sector makes a significant contribution to the EU's economic prosperity, accounting for around 9 percent of European gross value added. The multiplicative effect of this contribution can be measured in several directions, such as the accessibility index, the transport infrastructure index, the reduction of emissions and noise levels, the growth of employment and labor supply, the growth of GDP per capita, productivity, the density of new business, the number of enterprises, the inflow of FDI, export of goods and services and, finally, a decrease in the market price. Finally, infrastructure development is one of the basic factors that ensure the country's global competitiveness rating, which is proven by the examples of several new EU member states. The challenges facing the European transport sector today require a comprehensive review. For example, the goal of complete decarbonization of transport can only be achieved with the help of zero-emission mobility, which avoids the transport policy of finding new innovative approaches. Integration into the European transport network TEN-T can bring Ukraine almost 4.5 billion dollars investments until 2030.