Abstract
역사마을인 한국의 하회 양동 마을은 볏짚지붕으로 된 초가집으로 구성되어 있고 일본의 역사마을인 시라가와고 또한 억새 지붕의 초가집이 존재하고 있다. 지붕재료의 연소특성은 역사마을에서 화재안전 확보를 위하여 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 착화시간(TTI), 유효연소열(Effective Heat of Combustion, EHC), 열방출율(Heat Release Rate, HRR), 총열방출율(Total Heat Release, THR), 질량손실율(Mass Loss Rate, MLR) 등을 콘 칼로리미터(ISO 5660-1)를 이용하여 측정하여 화재위험성을 평가하였다. 역사마을의 건물과 구조의 화재특성을 예측하는데 볏짚과 억새의 연소 데이터베이스가 이용될 수 있다. 연구결과, 초가지붕의 두 재료 중에서 억새가 볏짚보다 열적 위험성이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 초가집 전체 연소시 최소 약 5.68 m 반경 이내의 초가집은 화재확산 가능성이 있는 것으로 평가되었다. Hahoe Village and Yangdong Village in Korea have straw-roofed houses and Shirakawa-go in Japan has silver grass-roofed houses. Combustion characteristics of these roof materials need to be identified in order to enhance fire safety in historical villages. This study used cone calorimeter (ISO 5660-1) and Flammability tester to measure combustion characteristics of thatched-roof materials to analysis hazard assessment in two historical villages. It also analyzed Time to Ignition (TTI), Effective Heat of Combustion (EHC), Heat Release Rate (HRR), Total Heat Release (THR), Mass Loss Rate (MLR) and ignition temperature. Database on combustion characteristics of straw (Oryza sativa) and silver grass (Miscanthus sinensis var. purpurascens) will be used to predict fire property of buildings and structures in historical villages. From the result, combustion data shown that Miscanthus sinensis var. purpurascens has high value than Oryza sativa for fire danger. Straw-roofed houses can be spread where is located within radius 5.68 m from straw-roofed house fires.
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