Особенности толщины центральной зоны роговицы у здоровых детей и больных врожденной глаукомой

Abstract

Background. Ophthalmic hypertension is one of the most important diagnostic criteria for congenital glaucoma. The «gold standard» for measuring intraocular pressure (IOP) is the applanation tonometry (Maklakov and Goldmann methods). However, the thickness of the central corneal zone has a significant effect on the value of IOP measured by these methods. The aim of this study was to compare the central corneal thickness (CCT) in children with congenital glaucoma and in healthy children. Material and methods. We examined 15 children aged from 7 months to 14 years (22 eyes) with congenital glaucoma. In the healthy children group, 26 subjects from 7 to 17 years old (51 eyes) were examined. CCT was measured in all subjects using the optical coherence tomograph Carl Zeiss Cirrus HD-OCT 5000 with an external lens for cornea scanning. The examination was carried out in pachymetry mode; the average thickness of the central ring having a diameter of 2 mm was evaluated. Results. Central corneal thickness in children with glaucoma ranged from 471 to 771 microns, the average value was 561.5±72.26 microns. In the group of healthy children, CCT was in the range of 480-597 microns with an average value of 529.88±29.33 microns. Thus, we noted a higher average value of the central corneal thickness and its higher variability in children with glaucoma in comparison with the group of healthy children. Conclusion. All children with glaucoma and suspected glaucoma should routinely perform pachymetry prior to applanation tonometry. One should consider the central corneal thickness when assessing intraocular pressure. Key words: congenital glaucoma, pachymetry, optical coherence tomography, central corneal thickness, applanation tonometry, intraocular pressure.