САМОСТІЙНА РОБОТА СТУДЕНТІВ ЯК СКЛАДОВА ПРОФЕСІЙНОЇ ПІДГОТОВКИ МАЙБУТНІХ ФАХІВЦІВ

Abstract

The article highlights the importance of independent study for the development of personality, assimilation and exchange of experience, learning process, professional development of future specialists. Scientific and pedagogical literature devoted to the peculiarities of the organization of students’ independent study, the problem of choosing forms and methods, types of students’ independent study, taking into account the necessary specifics of their professional formation, were analyzed. The approaches of scientists to the interpretation of the concept of «independent study» have been revealed. Higher education is gradually but steadily moving from the transfer of information to the management of educational and cognitive activities, the formation of students’ independent study skills. According to the Regulations on the organization of the educational process in higher educational institutions, students’ independent learning is the main means of mastering the educational material in the time free from compulsory educational activities. Under independent educational activity we mean a type of activity that can orient the student to self-improvement and self-development of professional knowledge and skills that will ensure the formation of future specialist’s professional competencies. Independent extracurricular study is seen as a means of forming the students’ cognitive abilities, in the process of which the student gradually turns into a self-learning subject. The article considers the influence of extracurricular independent work on the training of a competitive specialist. The reasons that determine the necessity and importance of students’ independent study in the learning process are described. It was concluded that students’ independent study, organized taking into account pedagogical conditions, gives a significant positive effect in the formation of the professional competence of future specialists. The example of organization of extracurricular independent work in teaching English is given in this article. In conclusion, it should be emphasized that organizing students’ independent study at the university is a complex and multifaceted process. It includes both the formation of self-motivation and self-organization of future specialist, and the readiness of the teaching staff for this type of activity. The results of the practical activities of teaching a foreign language at Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute showed that the independent learning of students, organized taking into account the pedagogical conditions, gives a significant positive effect in the formation of professional competence, that is, it is an important component in the professional training of future specialists.