Об определении технологических деформаций зданий при геотехническом строительстве

Abstract

Objective. The purpose of this work was to determine technological deformations and identify their causes during mining and construction work. Introduction. The modern world is characterized by the expansion of the scale of underground construction, which has a large arsenal of advanced technologies, tunneling equipment, etc. In urban conditions, underground construction is carried-out in the zone of influence of existing land development. At the same time, due attention is not paid to the technological deformations of the existing development. Methodology. Analysis of the results of experimental and practical geotechnical monitoring shows that any technologies of underground construction in conditions of dense urban development cause “technological deformations” of existing buildings, significantly (40-90%) affecting the safety of buildings in the process of new construction. They depend on the mining and hydrogeological conditions of the construction site, the quality of work, the type of enclosing structures of the pit and equipment used. Concomitant reasons are parameters such as the length of the gripper during construction by the trench “wall in the ground” method, the density of bentonite suspension, the distance between the trench and the foundation of the building, the load on the base of the foundation. In the medium technological sediment with the open method of work is estimated at about 60% of the total fixed value. Results. Technological deformations depend on three groups of factors: external, design and technological. External factors include engineering-geological and hydrogeological conditions of the construction site, as well as the stressstrain state of the soil massif. Design factors cover the space planning and design parameters of the constructed structure, which have an impact on the technology of work. Discussion. Technological factors determined by the characteristics and technological features of the equipment used, technological parameters of work production and quality control of their performance. In this regard, in order to provide feedback between the quality control of geotechnical construction and the safety of the surrounding development, it seems appropriate to understand under the term “technological deformations” deformations of the foundations, foundations and structures of buildings from technological influences in the construction process. Conclusion. In the presented work, the factors and parameters affecting the magnitude and scale of technological precipitation are highlighted. On this basis, proposals have been formulated for the elaboration of the concept of “technological sediment” in order to effectively control the quality and ensure the safety of the underground works carried out.