Влияние свиного навоза жидкой фракции на формирование элементов продуктивности в агрофитоценозе озимого рапса

Abstract

The purpose of the research is to study the effect of introduction the liquid fraction of pig manure on the productivity of winter rapeseed in the conditions of the Kaliningrad region. The article discusses the results of research conducted in 2018–2022 in the conditions of Pravdinsky municipal district, Kaliningrad region, on the effect of applying pig manure of liquid fraction on the quality of overwintering of winter rapeseed plants, productivity elements (number of productive stems, weight of seeds per plant) and seed yield. Mercedes and Visby hybrids, zoned for North-West region of Russia, were taken as research objects. During the research period, we observed the overwintering of winter rapeseed plants and counted the number of plants per 1 m2 before the onset of the winter period and in early spring, after the plants began to grow, and calculated the percentage of overwintered plants. In variants with the application of organic fertilizers, in most cases, the percentage of overwintered plants was on average 1–5% higher compared to the control. An evaluation of the research results also showed an increase in the number of productive stems of winter rapeseed plants by 1–3 pcs. in variants with the introduction of the liquid fraction of pig manure compared to the control on both hybrids. The mass of seeds collected from one plant was significantly greater in the variants with the introduction of the liquid fraction of pig manure throughout the entire study period. The analysis of yield showed that in the control options the values were lower compared to the options where the liquid fraction of pig manure was used as fertilizer. The increase in yield for Mercedes hybrid ranged from 36 to 79% over the years of research, for Visby hybrid – from 43 to 84%. Accordingly, the introduction of the liquid fraction of pig manure will increase the yield by 1.5–2.0 times.