Abstract
The active introduction of additive technologies in many industries, including agriculture, determines the relevance of studying the properties of materials used in printing and the characteristics of the resulting products. Polymeric materials are widely used in 3D printing, which can be used to create new composites with the required parameters. One of the approaches to significantly improve the properties of parts made of polymers obtained using 3D printing is their metallization. The article proposes a technology for surface hardening of parts made of thermoplastic polymer materials. This technology is based on combining the action of an external heat flux, which is directed to the hardened surface, and a magnetic field, acting from the opposite surface of the part. Under the influence of magnetic and thermal fields, diffusion of metal powder particles into the polymer surface occurs. In particular, the hardening of the impeller blade of a liquid ring vacuum pump made of ABS plastic by means of three-dimensional printing using FDM technology is considered. The characteristics of the used thermoplastic polymer, which affect the regime parameters of the printing process and subsequent hardening, are considered. The developed installation is described, by means of which magnetothermal reinforcement is carried out. The following surface hardening parameters are possible: molding pressure 2 MPa; preheating the mold to 160-180℃ (approximately 20℃ lower than the melting point of ABS plastic); exposure at the specified temperature and pressure for no more than 2 minutes, followed by cooling in air. Nickel powder with a particle size of 40 μm was chosen as a ferromagnet for hardening. In the future, it is possible to conduct research on the introduction of metal powder into the product during the printing process.
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