ПРОБЛЕМИ ТА ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ САМОСІЙНИХ ЛІСІВ В КОНТЕКСТІ ЗБЕРЕЖЕННЯ ЛІСОВИХ НАСАДЖЕНЬ ПРИРОДНОГО ПОХОДЖЕННЯ

Abstract

In the presented material, an attempt was made to generalize the existing regulatory and legislative basis of Ukraine regarding the increase of forest cover, protection and preservation of self-forested areas of state and communal ownership, as well as to form the main practical problems and prospects in their use. For this, the author considered the unique importance of self-seeding forests in the context of ensuring the ecological properties of forest plantations, in particular, carbon deposition and oxygen production; the scale of self-forested lands is determined; a quantitative assessment of the areas of self-seeded forests transferred to permanent forest use to the State Enterprise "Forests of Ukraine" from the united territorial communities is given, using the example of the Chernihiv region; the existing trend of exceeding the volume of emissions from the increase in arable land in Ukraine over the volume of absorption from forests, swamps, and steppes is noted. The article presents a number of negative trends regarding the increase in the volume of wood harvesting, including for military needs, which causes the felling of forest plantations of natural origin. The shortcomings of the existing legislative mechanisms regarding the lack of restrictions on the activities of agricultural producers on pastures, hayfields, coastal strips, floodplains and other carbon-rich ecosystems are indicated. Ways to increase the volume of sold wood for the national economy in the conditions of a full-scale invasion due to effective anti-corruption, restriction of wood exports and effective functioning of the State Environmental Inspection of Ukraine are presented. An analysis of the legislation of the European Union regarding mechanisms for the preservation and restoration of carbon-rich ecosystems, including the restoration of most drained peatlands, the introduction of restrictions on access to the EU market for agricultural products and wood, the production of which has led to deforestation, has been carried out, which should be a reference point for the state leadership in the declared European integration path of Ukraine's development.