УСТРОЙСТВО И СПОСОБ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ СВЧ-ОБРАБОТКОЙ СЕМЯН НА КОНВЕЙЕРНОЙ ЛЕНТЕ

Abstract

The sowing qualities of seeds – such as germination, germination energy, weight of 1000 seeds, etc., are the factors ensuring high yields of agricultural crops. Technological methods of seed and grain treatment with the UHF MEMF (microwave electromagnetic fi eld of ultrahigh frequency) energy involve the use of various types of microwave devices, diff ering both in operating principle and in design. In fact, the process of microwave treatment of seeds is similar to the process of heat treatment of dielectric materials. Therefore, depending on the goal of treatment, microwave devices should provide some kind of selectivity of microwave heating, a high conversion factor of microwave energy into thermal energy, uniformity of microwave treatment of the bulk of material, protection of the microwave generator and electromagnetic safety. During the microwave treatment of seeds, it is important to ensure uniform treatment of the bulk of seeds and automatically maintain optimal treatment modes (microwave heating modes). An installation design is proposed for microwave treatment of seeds. A specifi c feature of the proposed design is that seeds are processed on a moving belt under an emitter with the process control and regulation according to the speed and fi nal heating temperature. Moreover, the microwave source intensity depends on the load (a layer of seeds on the conveyor belt). The authors also propose an algorithm for the microprocessor control of the device. Thus, the proposed design of the installation for treating seeds in a layer under the emitter on a moving conveyor belt, as well as the technological algorithm for matching the microwave source with the load ensure the compliance with the processing modes in strictly specifi ed ranges of the fi nal temperature and microwave heating rate of the material, as well as protect the microwave source from refl ected electromagnetic waves.