Формирование индивидуальной траектории развития школьников

Abstract

The article studies the basics of profile training for schoolchildren, the formation of their professional capabilities, the creation of activities for choosing a future profession, occupation. The studies of various authors on vocational guidance terminology consider the training of high school students in the form of excursions to enterprises, the creation of specialized classes, projects in selected specialties, training in the necessary subjects for future admission to universities. The basics of social and pedagogical work with high school students, the possibilities of educational schools in Kazakhstan, profile directions in high school, which rely not only on the profile training of high school students but also on creating a harmonious climate in the classroom, working with troubled teenagers, and their choice of the profession, have been studied. The work mentions the Bologna European education system, to which most countries are switching, where specialized education in schools allows students to enter universities and complete a bachelor’s degree in one specialty, and then enter the magistracy and get another related profession without wasting years training at the university. By choosing any direction of study, the senior student receives general educational skills and the opportunity to pass an exam in specialized subjects, to get some kind of working specialty. The positive aspects of the introduction of a vocational guidance program for high school students are the improvement of their knowledge in the self-determination of the future profession, the development of a specialized training program, which is necessary for admission and study at a university, for the formation of their professional competencies. The negative aspects of specialized education at school are also highlighted, comprising in narrowly focused training, which may be useless to the student in the future and does not provide an opportunity for diversified development. A survey was carried out among students in 10–11 grades, during which it was determined that half of the students do not know whether they choose the educational profile correctly, whether the school career guidance direction will help in future studies at the university, in admission to it, passing exams in the selected additional subjects. As a result, it was determined that many senior schoolchildren of the studied school in Kazakhstan are not satisfied with the chosen profile of education and doubt that the chosen profile class will help them in their future professional development.