초등 고학년 학생들의 신체활동 참여 특성과 사회인지적 요인간의 관계 분석

Abstract

Objectives The purpose of this study was to form a cluster according to the physical activity participation level of upper elementary school students, and to analyze the physical activity participation characteristics and social cognitive factors of the formed cluster.
 Methods The subject of this study was to distribute and collect Self-written questionnaires to 525 higher grade students of 4 elementary schools in D city. As a measurement tool, the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ) was used to measure the characteristics of participation in physical activity, and the socio-cognitive factor was a questionnaire developed by Saunders et al. was used to measure three factors: social influence, outcome expectation, and self-efficacy. For data analysis, two-step cluster analysis, one-way ANOVA, and independent t-test were performed.
 Results First, three clusters(passive participation, non-participation, and active participation) were formed as a result of cluster analysis of the physical activity participation areas of higher grade elementary school students. There were statistically differences in work and study, leisure, and sedentary behavior. and Male students showed more participation in active group than female students. Second, socio-cognitive factors showed significant differences between groups in social influence(friend subfactor), outcome expectation(physical expectation), and self-efficacy(barrier overcome).
 Conclusions The physical activity participation time of higher grade elementary school students can be classified into clusters, and that each cluster has a significant difference between the groups in participation time and socio-cognitive factors. This study is expected to contribute to suggesting the direction for change and development of customized programs for healthy physical activity of elementary school students.