Реалізація еліпсису як засобу мовної економії в діалогічному мовленні та специфіка його перекладу

Abstract

The article summarizes the theoretical experience of studying the phenomenon of language economy, identifies the factors that determine the functioning of spoken language, and highlights dialogical speech as the main form of spoken language. It has been substantiated that dialogical language is the area of the greatest spread and application of the law of language economy – one of the main and integral factors of the natural functioning of language, which in recent decades has intensified its influence due to the growing development of Internet communication. Examples of economical use of language units at the existing levels of the language system have been analyzed. The law of language economy is among a number of basic and most effective. Therefore, the relevance of the material is due to a number of reasons. Among them is the growing interest in the specifics of spoken language and dialog one in particular. The law of language economy as a holistic system has not been sufficiently studied yet, as many processes and phenomena of spoken language still need in-depth study.The principle of economy in language and speech is universal, due to its penetration into all levels of the language system. Dialogue as a basic form of spoken language is the main area of implementation of the principle of language economy and has its own specific inventory of language units that reflect the effect of this principle. Ellipticity or the desire for implication acts as the most essential feature of dialogic communication, which is expressed in the removal of all the language units at the levels of phonetics, vocabulary, grammar, which can be removed without compromising the contextual meaning. The ellipticity of spoken language is an essential structural feature of spoken language. Everything that can be removed without compromising the content of the statement is removed, and this happens at all levels – phonetic, lexical and especially at the syntactic level. In addition to the main ones, secondary members of the sentence can also be removed. The subject is most often removed in elliptical constructions, on the second place in frequency of omission there is a predicate. In some isolated cases, both main members of the sentence are removed. Cases of absence of other members of the sentence are rare. Syntactic assimilation, association and division of sentences are most often used when translating into Ukrainian. Communication in the Internet space occurs through the constant use of elliptical sentences, and therefore this linguistic phenomenon requires serious further study. Identifying and considering other ways of compression in speech w ould be the goal and object of our further research in this area.