ПОПУЛЯЦИОННЫЕ РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ ВНЕДРЕНИЯ СИСТЕМЫ МЕРОПРИЯТИЙ ПО СНИЖЕНИЮ СМЕРТНОСТИ ОТ ЦЕРЕБРОВАСКУЛЯРНЫХ БОЛЕЗНЕЙ В СТАВРОПОЛЬСКОМ КРАЕ

Abstract

Significance. In order to fulfill the Presidential Decree dated May 7, 2018 No. 204, a system of social mobilization of the population and patient routing was created in the Stavropol Territory, including a rapid detection of patients with cerebrovascular diseases (CVD), their timely hospitalization in primary vascular departments, as well as care for patients with a combination of CVD and COVID-19. The purpose of the study is to assess the impact of the developed system of measures on the CVD mortality rate. Material and methods. The authors have analyzed mortality from CVD for the period from 2018 to 2022, Rosstat official statistical data on distribution of the diseased by sex, age group and cause of death. The dynamics in indicators was compared with similar data for the North Caucasian Federal District (NCFD) and the Russian Federation. Results. In the Stavropol Territory, non-standardized and standardized mortality rates decreased, while in other regions of the Russian Federation (RF) and the North Caucasus Federal District they grew. The number of years of life lost due to CVD in the Stavropol Territory decreased by 36.9% (NCFD - by 36.8%, RF - by 29.7%). The loss of labor potential due to the increased retirement age increased by 25.0% (other regions of the North Caucasus Federal District - 22.2%; RF - by 38.1%). The relative risk of death from CVD among rural residents compared with urban residents decreased from 1.06 [1.01-1.12] to 1.02 [0.97-1.08]; in other words, became equal due to the accelerated reduction in the risk of death in rural population compared to the urban one. The share of CVD in the structure of all causes of death decreased from 17.6% to 12.4%. In the structure of causes of death from CVD, there was a decrease in the share of unspecified strokes (from 6.1% to 4.1%), unspecified cerebrovascular disease (from 8.2% to 3.0%), while the share of CVD consequences increased (from 6.6% up to 12.6%). Mortality decreased from 5.7% to 4.9%. Conclusion. The developed system of measures made it possible to reduce the CVD mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic. The medical effectiveness of this approach in terms of reducing mortality in relation to the entire range of measures used during this period in the Russian Federation equaled to 12.7%. The proposed approach made it possible to level out the CVD mortality in urban and rural population, get a higher reduction in the number of years of life lost, reduce the increase in the loss of labor potential, and lethality from CVD. Scope of application. The study results can be used by health executive authorities.