Трансформация монетарной сферы и проблемы финансовой инклюзивности

Abstract

The ongoing transformation of the monetary sphere, affecting its fundamental, organizational, institutional and legal segments, cannot but have a significant impact on the financial behavior of market entities, primarily the population and representatives of small and medium-sized businesses. And the matter is not only in the digitalization of the financial market recognized and generally accepted by all market participants, in the use of digital technologies in the monetary sphere, but also in the growth of geopolitical, informational, behavioral and communication risks. In this regard, the “new realities of the new world” reinforce the relevance of the stated topic, as they add new aspects to the study of financial inclusion. Based on the analysis of the theoretical provisions reflected in the works of modern foreign and Russian researchers of the monetary sphere, the practice of financial regulators in the context of increasing the level of financial inclusiveness, the author of the article comes to the conclusion that in modern realities, not only study, but also risk-oriented regulation of human involvement in economic processes, in particular, regulation of financial inclusion adequate to the “new realities of the new world”. The financial affordability achieved as a result of such regulation provides an opportunity to attract resources for their subsequent use, to optimize financial flows, and to possibly reduce the level of poverty. And, at the same time, financial inclusiveness is the basis for the inclusion of market entities in the formal economy, preventing a possible “leaving” for the informal, “shadow” sphere of life. The theoretical and empirical basis of the study were the results of the works of domestic and foreign authors, legislative and regulatory acts of the Russian Federation, foreign countries, analytical data of central banks, analytical and information materials of Russian and foreign periodicals, Internet networks, revealing the foundations of the transformation of the monetary sphere, assessing its trends in the context of their impact on financial inclusion. At the theoretical level, the study used such methods as terminological analysis of concepts, aggregation and abstraction, induction and deduction, comparative analysis and synthesis, at the empirical level — statistical and correlation. The conclusions drawn by the author can serve as the basis for the recommendations being developed by the Bank of Russia to maintain and increase the achieved level of financial inclusion in the context of the “new realities of the new world”.