ИНДИВИДУАЛИЗАЦИЯ И ДИФФЕРЕНЦИАЦИЯ ОБУЧЕНИЯ АСПИРАНТОВ

Abstract

The paper considers the modern system of academic staff training in Russia, analyses its theoretical aspects and defines the importance of individualization and differentiation of the process of graduate students teaching. The author pays special attention to the analysis of the individual and differential approaches to teaching at the current level of the higher education system development considering that they are the most effective among the modern methods of teaching, as well as when organizing educational process built in accordance with the federal state educational standards of higher education on the higher education programs for academic staff training. Basing on the theoretical analysis, the author studied the individual and differential approaches to the educational process organization within the postgraduate study system of a technical college, gave their definitions, and specified the concept of “designing of individual educational paths of postgraduate students”. On the base of the study considered, the author makes the conclusions on the thinking style similarity of teachers of technical and natural sciences subjects with the postgraduate students of the appropriate training programs. The author also presents her author’s approach to the process of designing of the individual educational paths, describes educational conditions providing the effective individualization and differentiation of the academic staff training, and pays special attention to the pedagogical support of this process. The model of the structure of designing individual educational paths suggested by the author includes four stages: the auxiliary stage, the designing stage, the goal setting, and the diagnostic stage. The author proves the importance of pedagogical support at this stage of training, which can be provided not only by the scientific advisers of the students but also by the employees of the postgraduate study department. Thus, the application of the individual educational paths provides the achievement of the innovative educational goals, the personal formation of a future teacher with scientific work potential.